48个国际音标教学详解
一、 长元音/i:/ 外号“长衣音”
词汇拓展：we /wi:/ she /ʃ i:/ meet /mi:t/ each/i: tʃ/
eat /i:t/ me /mi:/ green /gri:n/
对应的字母：e- ei- ie-
ee- ea-
实用操练：1. is a piece of cake.
2. is .
3. feel free to visit .
二、短元音/ɪ/ 外号“短衣音”
词汇拓展：sit[sɪt] big[bɪg] visit[ˈvɪzɪt] six [sɪks]
list [lɪst] trip [trɪp]
对应的字母：i-visit u-busy y-
e- ui-build
实用操练：1. Where there is a will, there is a way.
2.I’m busy.
三、元音/e/ 外号“45度”音
词汇拓展：bed /bed/ head /hed/ many /menɪ/ any/enɪ/
pen /pen/ egg /eg/ let/let/
对应的字母:e-bed ea-head a-many
实用操练：1. late than never.
2.East or west, home is best.
四、音标/æ/ 外号“90度大嘴音”
词汇拓展：plan /plæn/ glad /glæd/ stand /stænd/
bag/bæg/ cat /kæt/ hat /hæt/
对应的字母: a-apple
实用操练：1.I have a happy .
2. Not bad.
五、音标/ɜ:/ 外号“重读卷舌音”
词汇拓展：her /hɜ:/ girl /gɜ:l/ nurse /nɜ:s/ /ˈwɜ:kə(r)/ first/fɜ:st/ learn /lɜ:n/
对应的字母: er- ir-dirty or-world ur-hurt
实用操练：1. is .
2.The early bird the worm.
六、音标/ə/ 外号“短鹅音”
词汇拓展：[ˈti:tʃə(r)] [ˈdraɪvə(r)]
[ˈdɒktə(r)] actor [ˈæktə(r)]
[ˈsɪstə(r)] [ˈbrʌðə(r)]
对应的字母: er- or- u-
a-Alone o-
实用操练：1. The , the .
2.What’s the with you?
七、音标/ɑ:/
词汇拓展：car /kɑ:/ start/stɑ:t/ /ˈfɑ:ðə(r)/ farm/fɑ:m/ half /hɑ:f/
对应的字母: a-watch ear-heart ar-far uar-guard ar-car
实用操练：1. So far, so good.
2.Times are hard.
八、元音/ ʌ/ 外号“短啊音”
词汇拓展：cup[kʌp] [ˈbrʌðə(r)] young [jʌŋ]
us [ʌs] fun [fʌn] [ˈmʌðə(r)]
对应的字母：o-love u-fun oo-blood ou-
实用操练：1.Seven is my lucky .
2. is than .
九、音标/ɔ:/ 外号“中嘴卷舌音”
词汇拓展：short[ʃɔ:t] more [mɔ:] four[fɔ:] floor [flɔ:] call[kɔ:] sport[spɔ:t]
对应的字母：or-short ore-more our-four oor-door
ar-warm
实用操练：1.It’s to more.
2.Force to do more.
十、音标/ɒ/ 外号“中嘴短元音”
词汇拓展：dog[dɒg] wrong [rɒŋ] watch [wɒtʃ] hot [hɒt]
boss [bɒs] shop [ʃɒp]
对应的字母： o-dog a-watch
实用操练：1.My boss feels hot and goes to the shop.
十一、音标/U:/ 外号“长乌音”
词汇拓展：zoo[zu:] who [hu:] ruler [ˈru:lə(r)] blue [blu:]
you [ju] room [ru:m]
对应的字母：oo-zoo u-ruler oe-shoe ue-blue
o- ui-fruit ou-route
实用操练：1. You look cool.
2. The color of the room is blue.
十二、音标/ʊ/ 外号“短乌音”
词汇拓展：put [pʊt] book [bʊk] would [wʊd]
woman [ˈwʊmən] good [gʊd] could [kʊd]
对应的字母：u-put oo-book o-woman ou-could
实用操练：1.You is a good woman.
十三、音标/eɪ/ 外号“嘴角咧到耳朵上音”
词汇拓展：face[feɪs] cake [keɪk] play [pleɪ] they [ðeɪ]
eight [eɪt] great [greɪt] game [geɪm]
对应的字母：a- ay-pay ai-
实用操练：1.No pain, no gain.
2. Don’t make the same .
十四、音标/aɪ/ 外号“大嘴阿姨音”
词汇拓展：hi[haɪ] my [maɪ] bye [baɪ] eye [aɪ]
high[haɪ] like [laɪk]
对应字母：a-life y-cry ie-pie uy-buy
实用操练：1.Never say die! Try! Try! Try!
2. Don’t be shy. Just try.
十五、音标/ɔɪ/ 外号“中嘴短衣音”
词汇拓展：boy[bɔɪ] toy[tɔɪ] coin[kɔɪn] join [dʒɔɪn] noise [nɔɪz] enjoy [ɪnˈdʒɔɪ]
对应的字母：oy-boy oi-coin
实用操练：1. The boy hopes you join the club and enjoy it.
十六、音标/əʊ/ 外号“舀水音”
词汇拓展：no[nəʊ] know[nəʊ] coat[kəʊt] only[ˈəʊnli]
old[əʊld] photo [ˈfəʊtəʊ]
对应的字母：o-hope oa-goal ow-know ou-soul
实用操练：1.You are my only hope.
2.There is no place like home.
十七、音标/aʊ/ 外号“鬼哭狼嚎合口双元音”
词汇拓展：out[aʊt] now [naʊ] brown [braʊn]
house [haʊs] found [faʊnd]
对应的字母：ow-how ou-house
实用操练：1.There is no doubt about it.
2. Get out of my house right now.
十八、音标/ɪə/ 外号“短衣卷舌音”
词汇拓展：here[hɪə(r)] ear [ɪə(r)] dear [dɪə(r)]
idea [aɪˈdɪə] clear [klɪə(r)]
对应的字母：ere-here ea-idea ear-clear
实用操练：1. He has a clear idea about beer.
十九、音标/eə/ 外号“咧嘴卷舌音”
词汇拓展：hair[heə(r)] there [ðeə(r)] their [ðeə(r)]
fair [feə(r)] chair [tʃeə(r)]
对应的字母：air-hair ere-there are-share eir-their
实用操练：1. Where there is a will, there is a way.
二十、音标/ʊə/ 外号“短乌卷舌音”
实用操练：poor/pʊə(r)/ sure[ʃʊə(r)] pure[pʊə(r)] tour[tʊə(r)] cure[kʊə(r)]
对应的字母：oor-poor ure-sure
实用操练：1. I’m not sure about the tour.
二十一、双唇爆破辅音/p/ 外号“气破双唇音”
词汇拓展：pen[pen] happy[ˈhæpi] keep[ki:p]
[ˈpensl] [ˈpɜ:sn]
实用操练：1. makes .
2.The is happy to buy one pen and two .
二十二、双唇爆破辅音/b/
词汇拓展：bus[bʌs] bed [bed] boy [bɔɪ] book [bʊk]
bag [bæg] ball [bɔ:l] [ˈbrʌðə(r)]
实用操练：1.The boy likes the ball、bag、bus and books.
特别注意不发音的b：
出现在字母m后时，b通常不发音：climb[klaɪm]
comb [kəʊm] bomb [bɒm] thumb [θʌm]
二十三、音标/t/ 外号“舌尖齿龈弹气音”
词汇拓展：let /let/ tall[tɔ:l] [ˈletə(r)] [ˈlɪtl]
meet [mi:t] talk [tɔ:k]
实用操练：1. I feel a bit today.
2. Try next time.
二十四、音标/d/ 外号“舌尖齿龈弹气音”
词汇拓展：dog[dɒg] child [tʃaɪld] death[deθ]
good [gʊd] bed [bed] kind[kaɪnd]
实用操练：1.A in need is a .
二十五、音标/k/ 外号“气破舌根软腭音”
词汇拓展：kite[kaɪt] back[bæk] cat [kæt] book[bʊk]
desk [desk] clock [klɒk]
实用操练：1. The kite and book are in the desk.
二十六、音标/g/ 外号“气破舌根软腭音”
词汇拓展：go/gəʊ/ egg[eg] good [gʊd] game [geɪm]
get [get] great [greɪt]
实用操练：1.Let’s give him a big hand.
2. That’s a good idea.
二十七、音标/m/ 外号“双唇闭嘴鼻音”
词汇拓展：man[mæn] time [taɪm] more [mɔ:(r)]
meet [mi:t] math[mæθ] [ˈmɑ:kɪt]
实用操练：1. Men make .
2. Money will come and go.
二十八、音标/n/ 外号“舌尖齿龈开口鼻音”
词汇拓展：no[nəʊ] [ɪˈlevn] know [nəʊ]
name [neɪm] need[ni:d] new [nju:]
实用操练：1. No news is good news.
2. He sure is a pain in the neck.
二十九、音标/ŋ/ 外号“舌后软腭撒娇鼻音”
词汇拓展：think[θɪŋk] sing [sɪŋ] ring [rɪŋ]
[ˈmɔ:nɪŋ] thing [θɪŋ] thank [θæŋk]
实用操练：1. Thank you for .
三十、音标/f/ 外号“咬唇音”
词汇拓展：few[fju:] photo [ˈfəʊtəʊ] [ˈfɑ:ðə(r)] floor [flɔ:(r)] found [faʊnd]
实用操练：1. Life is , but is not sweet.
2.How are you ? I feel fine.
三十一、音标/v/ 外号“咬唇音”
词汇拓展：very[ˈveri] seven [ˈsevn] five [faɪv]
video [ˈvɪdiəʊ] movie [ˈmu:vi] over [ˈəʊvə(r)]
实用操练：1. Can you give me some ?
2. He lives a very life.
三十二、半元音/w/ 外号“圆唇突出短我音”
词汇拓展：we [wi] what [wɒt] want [wɒnt]
where [weə(r)] when [wen] well [wel]
实用操练：1.Where there is a will, there is a way.
2.Don’t give up. We’ll be with you.
三十三、音标/s/ 外号“气通舌尖齿龈音”
词汇拓展：sit[sɪt] class[klɑ:s] yes[jes] nice[naɪs]
[sku:l] sun [sʌn] star [stɑ:(r)]
实用操练：1. The sun and star are nice.
2.Don’t be so tense.
三十四、音标/z/ 外号“气通舌尖齿龈音
词汇拓展：zoo[zu:] is[ɪz] eggs[egz] whose[hu:z]
busy[ˈbɪzi] those[ðəʊz]
实用操练： is .
三十五、音标/ʃ/ 外号“舌端齿龈气擦音”
词汇拓展：she[ʃi] sure[ʃʊə(r)] fish[fɪʃ] wish[wɪʃ]
short[ʃɔ:t]
实用操练：She loves fish and wish to eat.
三十六、音标/θ/ 外号“咬舌音”
词汇拓展：thank[θæŋk] month[mʌnθ] mouth[maʊθ] thing[θɪŋ] three[θri:]
实用操练： is more than .
三十七、音标/ð/ 外号“咬舌音”
词汇拓展：that[ðæt] these[ði:z] those[ðəʊz]
[ˈfɑ:ðə(r)] there[ðeə(r)]
实用操练：That over there is my .
三十八、音标/ts/
词汇拓展：hats[hæts] pets[pets] facts[fækts]
实用操练：The hats and pets are .
三十九、音标/dz/
词汇拓展：beds [bedz] cards[kɑ:dz] kinds [kaɪndz] deeds [di:dz] words [wɜ:dz]
实用操练：His deeds don’t agree with his words.
四十、音标/ h/ 外号“大口喘气音”
词汇拓展：he[hi] who[hu:] hope[həʊp] happy[ˈhæpi]
home[həʊm]
实用操练：He has a happy home.
四十一、半元音/ j/ 外号“双唇扁平短爷音”
词汇拓展：year[jɪə(r)] your[jɔ:(r)] young[jʌŋ]
[ˈjestədeɪ] [ˈlɔ:jə(r)]
实用操练：The young is your .
四十二、半元音/ r/ 外号“四指卷舌音”
词汇拓展：red[red] right[raɪt] wrong[rɒŋ] room[ru:m] run[rʌn] ruler[ˈru:lə(r)]
实用操练：You are right. I am wrong.
四十三、舌边辅音/ ǀ/
词汇拓展：leg[leg] blue[blu:] place[pleɪs] tell[tel]
lead[li:d] like[laɪk]
实用操练：I tell him I like blue.
四十四、音标/tr/
词汇拓展：tree[tri:] truck[trʌk] try[traɪ] true[tru:]
[ˈtrævl] [ˈtrʌbl]
实用操练：Never till you.
四十五、音标/dr/
词汇拓展：dress[dres] drink[drɪŋk] draw[drɔ:]
dream[dri:m] drive[draɪv]
实用操练：My dream is to have a dress.
四十六、音标/ʒ/ 外号“舌端齿龈气擦音”
词汇拓展： [ˈju:ʒuəli] [dɪˈsɪʒn]
[ˈpleʒə(r)] [ˈmeʒə(r)]
实用操练：I make a by .
四十七、音标/tʃ/ 外号“气冲舌尖齿龈音”
词汇拓展：child [tʃaɪld] teach [ti:tʃ] [ˈpɪktʃə(r)] [ˈkʌltʃə(r)] [tʃɜ:tʃ] touch [tʌtʃ]
实用操练：Don’t touch the head of a child.
四十八、音标/dʒ/ 外号“舌端齿龈气擦音”
词汇拓展：just[dʒʌst] age[eɪdʒ] joke[dʒəʊk]
[ɪˈmædʒɪn] [ˈɒrɪndʒ] large[lɑ:dʒ]
实用操练：I can’t a large .
